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The Norfolk Archaeological & Historical Research Group

Text Box: Late Saxon backward turning animal brooch Alice Cattermole A late Saxon cast copper alloy disc brooch decorated with a backward-turning animal inside a pelleted border was recently found in Martham. Backward-turning animal brooches are relatively common finds, particularly in Norfolk, where over 80 have been recorded. However, this example is in exceptional condition, with very clearly defined decoration. The beast has a forked, upturned tail, open jaws and a spiky mane. It has a ring-and-dot eye, and there are single ring-and-dots on the beast's breast and haunches. The beast has four legs, with three toes on each, although the toes of the foot furthest to the left are indistinguishable from the spikes of the mane. On the reverse are the remains of a pin lug positioned directly behind the beast's head, and a small raised rectangular area indicates the position of the catchplate. This example is particularly interesting as it is the eighth in a series of "die-duplicate" backward turning animal brooches found in Norfolk. Other identical examples have been identified by the writer from Hillington (HER 20176), Forncett (HER 24658), Mundham (HER 24894), Elsing (HER 28643), Hevingham (HER 29292), Salle (HER 30429) and Thompson (HER 39736). The discovery of this group of die-duplicate brooches is significant as it provides further evidence that these objects were mass-produced. Their geographical distribution is limited to East Anglia, although a few outlying examples are known. They are believed to be one of the products of a distinctive regional metalworking tradition in late Saxon East Anglia, combining local Saxon craft traditions with that of incoming settlers from Scandinavia.

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